According to their movement, the dunes are divided into five classes: They have an inverted"U"shape and point to the opposite direction of the wind. The Indus Water Treaty of 1960 fixed and delimited the rights and obligations of both countries concerning the use of waters of the Indus River system. A djebba is a short, square pullover shirt worn by men. It has three further sub-parts: Tharparker, Naa and Cholistan. The Thar Desert spans an area of 175,000 square kilometers and covers large areas of Pakistan and India. Many of these people rely on centuries-old customs to make their lives as comfortable as possibleCivilizations throughout the Middle East and Maghreb have adapted their clothing to the hot, dry conditions of the Sahara and Arabian deserts. Strongly alkaline soils are localized in some small patches. It also stores water in a manmade lake, Lake Nasser, to protect the countrys communities and agriculture against drought.Construction of the Aswan High Dam was a huge engineering project. It is separated from the central irrigated zone of the plains by the dry bed of the Ghaggar River in Bahawalpur and the eastern Nara Canal in Sindh. Water resources are getting depleted leading to the water crisis in Pakistan. The Desert, and lastly. People who migrate to the warm, dry desert for the winter and return to more temperate climates in the spring are sometimes called snowbirds.In rural areas, hot days turn into cool nights, providing welcome relief from the scorching sun. The above map of Pakistan was created using a digital elevation model. Katpana desert is also known as The Cold desert. Situated at an elevation of 2,226 meters (7,303 feet) above sea level, the Katpana Desert is one of the highest deserts in the world. One railway line serves the southern part of the region. And most deserts, far from being empty and lifeless, are home to a variety of plants, animals, and other organisms. But the region can go decades without rainfall. However, fennec foxes have adapted so they do not have to drink water at all: Their kidneys retain enough water from the food they eat.Most xerocoles are nocturnal. Coal of a medium quality is also found. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. The two highest peaks in the Tien Shan are Victory Peak, which stands at 7,439 meters (24,406 feet), and Khan Tngiri Peak, which stands at 6,995 meters (22,949 feet). Pakistan is rich in natural beauty and scenic views. Patagonia is a major agricultural region where non-native species such as cattle and sheep graze on grassland. What is the influence of the Himalayas on Indian Agriculture? May and June are the hottest months of the year, with temperatures rising to 122 F (50 C). Basins of Western Balochistan Here let's take a look at the physical map of India and the other primary physical geography of India. . People, animals, and plants all surround these oases, which provide stable access to water, food, and shelter.When groundwater doesnt seep to the surface, people often drill into the ground to get to it. But water patterns are not included in the relief features. Sandy desert soils cover the Cholistan part of Sindh Sagar Doab and western Balochistan. Plateau Mountains However, the very mode of soil formation gives rise to their diversification even within small areas. Roads and railways are few. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. Where water is available, farmers grow crops such as wheat and cotton. Shaded relief map. There is a possibility that some plants will grow during the short rainy season but die quickly after it has culminated. The desert boasts some incredibly distinct natural features. Seeking greater economic opportunities, farmers in Madagascar engaged in slash-and-burn agriculture. More than half of the proven oil reserves in the world lie beneath the sands of the Arabian Desert, mostly in Saudi Arabia. The name "Cholistan" is derived from the Turkish word "chol," meaning "desert," though the desert is locally known as Rohi. Sugar cane is a very water-intensive crop mostly harvested in tropical regions. The Salt Range contains the great mines of Mayo, Khewra Salt Mine, Warcha and Kalabagh, which yield vast supplies of salt. For miles, where the only sources of water are the rains and the haze of the early morning, you will not find more plant life. All those soils are predominantly coarse-textured, well-drained, and calcareous (calcium-bearing). The surface of the desert is a wild maze of sand dunes and sand ridges. (1) Africa - the Namib and Kalahari deserts of coastal Angola and southwest Africa, interior Botswana and South Africa, and Sahara desert; (2) Asia - Thar deserts of India and Pakistan, Arabian deserts, Iranian desert; (3) South America - Acatama desert of coastal Peru and Chile; (4) Mojave and Arizona deserts of south-western USA; During January, the coldest month, the mean minimum temperature ranges between 41 and 50 F (5 and 10 C), and frost is frequent. Cities like Phoenix, Arizona, or Kuwait City, Kuwait, have a much smaller urban heat island effect. Agreements that were made in the early 20th century failed to account for Native American water rights. The geography of Pakistan is a blend of landscapes. In the southern part of the province of Punjab, the British attempted to harness the irrigation power of the water over 100 years ago when they established what came to be known as the Canal Colonies. Older dunes, however, are in a semi-stabilized or stabilized condition, and many rise to a height of almost 500 feet (150 metres) above the surrounding areas. TheCold Desertis a high-altitude desert located nearSkardu, inPakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion. With little vegetation to block it, the wind can carry sand and dust across entire continents and even oceans. The Thar Desert The Thar Desert is one of the largest desert of Pakistan. The descending air hinders the formation of clouds, so very little rain falls on the land below.The worlds largest hot desert, the Sahara, is a subtropical desert in northern Africa. Thar Desert marks the border for India and Pakistan. They include both shifting sandy soils and clayey floodplain soils. Camels are commonly used for transport as well as for plowing the land and other agricultural purposes. Hydrogen molecules in the fat combine with inhaled oxygen to form water. In the rest of the country, temperatures reach great extremes in the summer; the mean temperature during June is 100 F (38 C) in the plains, where the highest temperatures can exceed 117 F (47 C). Thar desert. White reflects sunlight, and the loose fit allows cooling air to flow across the skin.These robes of loose cloth can be adjusted (folded) for length, sleeves, and pockets, depending on the wearer and the climate. Winds N at 5 to 10 mph.. Tonight Your time: 00:01:07. 5 0 obj Cholistan Desert 3. Local desert communities can divert rivers on a smaller scale. Balochistan is located at the eastern edge of the Iranian plateau and in the border region between Southwest, Central, and South Asia. Sand lizards, native to the deserts of Europe and Asia, are nicknamed dancing lizards because of the way they quickly lift one leg at a time off the hot desert sand. When the wind is constant, the shape of the curves is symmetrical. This heavy fog drifts onto land. Rural Israeli communities called kibbutzim rely on aquifers to furnish water for crops and even fish farming in the dry Negev Desert. Spas ring the Dead Sea, a saline lake in the Judean Desert of Israel and Jordan. Which landform feature was a part of Gondwana land? Most of the deserts inhabitants reside in rural areas and are distributed in varying densities. The efficiency of the monsoonal precipitation is poor, because of its concentration from early July to mid-September, when high temperatures maximize loss through evaporation. Good aquifers have been detected in the central part of the desert. Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. There are green mountains and dry mountains, land rich for cultivating, and waterfalls. During a sudden storm, water scours the dry, hard-baked land, gathering sand, rocks, and other loose material as it flows. The Sindh. Winds that reach the Gobi have long since lost their moisture. Apart from the sample questions given above, candidates can check Previous Year Question Papers with solution PDF to understand the type of questions asked in the general awareness section of these examinations. . The Sukkur Barrage on the Indus River, completed in 1932, irrigates the southern Thar region in Pakistan by means of canals, and the Gang Canal carries water from the Sutlej River to the northwest. In India, it covers about 320,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi), of which 60% is in Rajasthan and extends into Gujarat , Punjab, an d Haryana. Tilla Jogian, second highest peak in Potwar Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. This can reduce the already limited plant life in deserts.Climate change also affects rainfall patterns. The largest glacier is Engil'chek Glacier, which is about 60 kilometers (37 miles) long. Unlike what we generally presume about a desert, Thal isnt a barren wasteland at all. The third major desert in Pakistan is the Thal Desert. They are accumulations of abundant sand, null or dispersed vegetation and predominantly uniform winds that mold long crests separated by depressions and oriented at right angles obeying the strongest wind current. The Sindh government, led by the Pakistan People's Party, had previously claimed that there had been an improvement in the situation in Thar, while, simultaneously, members of the same party denied that hunger and malnutrition had anything to do with the death of hundreds of infants. Between 1958 and 1971, the government of Egypt constructed a massive dam on the Upper Nile (the southern part of the river, near Egypts border with Sudan). In the Pakistani part of the desert, a railway line runs between Bahawalpur and Hyderabad. Pakistan is situated on the edge of a monsoonal (i.e., wet-dry) system. The central region is known as Kalat. The Western Mountains 3. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Topography_of_Pakistan&oldid=1117077755, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 October 2022, at 20:30. A soaking rain can change a desert into a wonderland of flowers almost overnight. Xerocoles include species of insects, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The Dead Sea has had flourishing spas since the time of King David.Air transportation and the development of air conditioning have made the sunny climate of deserts even more accessible and attractive to people from colder regions. However, some birds, such as the roadrunner, have adapted to life in the desert. Out of these, the plains are the most abundant relief feature found in India. Among the most prominent groups are the Rajputs, who inhabit the central Thar. High 59F. This method relies on cutting and burning forests to create fields for crops. In countries like Yemen, artificial wadis can carry enough water for whitewater rafting trips during certain times of the year.When deserts and water supplies cross state and national borders, people often fight over water rights. The major soil groupings are Indus basin soils, mountain soils, and sandy desert soils. These polar deserts contain great quantities of water, but most of it is locked in glaciers and ice sheets year-round. In the submontane areas under subhumid conditions these soils are noncalcareous and have slightly higher organic content. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. Desertification usually happens in semi-arid areas that border deserts.Human activities are a primary cause of desertification. The semi-arid region of the Thar Desert is called "Bagar". National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. The Thar Desert is one of the biggest deserts in Pakistan. This has happened among the states in the Colorado River Basin, which have negotiated for many years over the division of the rivers water. The surface is made up of aeolian (wind-deposited) sand that has accumulated over 1.8 million years. The amount of evaporation in a desert often greatly exceeds the annual rainfall. The descending air warms up, making it difficult for clouds to form.Death Valley, in the U.S. states of California and Nevada, is a rain shadow desert. Their seeds may lie dormant for years during long dry spells. This is an extensive area of 347,190 km 2 with a number of distinct natural topographical and drainage features that can be identified as follows: Basins of Northern Balochistan Basins of Western Balochistan Mountain ranges Coastal areas Salt Range in District Minawali Punjab Pakistan Salt Range [ edit] The Indus 200000 Valley Desert lies between two major rivers in the region, the Chenab and the Indus. Almost all types of fruits are grown here which are considered among the best in the world concerning taste. The Aswan Dam harnesses the power of the Nile for hydroelectricity used in industry. February 2023. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. rehanbombal rehanbombal 11.07.2020 Geography Secondary School answered Relief features of pakistans desert 2 See answers Advertisement Light rains often evaporate in the dry air, never reaching the ground. However, flash floods take more lives in deserts than thirst does. Millions of people had to leave their farms and seek a living in other parts of the country.Desertification is an increasing problem. Other subtropical deserts include the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa and the Tanami Desert in northern Australia.Coastal DesertsCold ocean currents contribute to the formation of coastal deserts. There are traditional song and dance performed by the local nomad groups. List of 5 Famous Deserts of Pakistan: 1. These windbreaks anchor the soil and prevent sand from invading populated areas.In Chinas Tengger Desert, researchers have developed another way to control wandering dunes. (16 of 7 of 2017). Many nomads are engaged in animal husbandry, crafts, or trade. The most notable desert resource in the world is the massive oil reserves in the Arabian Desert of the Middle East. The reason is inadequate management and inappropriate consumption. Their shape is best seen from an aerial view and when they are formed successively they look like a roof of tiles. There are coastal areas along the Arabian Sea and mountains of the Karakoram Range in the north part of Pakistan. Important Deserts in the World PDF- Download PDF Here. Animals that have adapted to a desert environment are called xerocoles. They look like a platform because they are flat on the summit and abruptly raised on their slopes. Almost the entire continent of Antarctica is a polar desert, experiencing little precipitation. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. These dams, along with a series of headworks and barrages built by the British and expanded since the independence of Pakistan in 1947, are of vital importance to the national economy and played an important role in calming the raging floodwaters of 1992, which devastated large areas in the northern highlands and the Punjab plains. The contrast between these ranges is geologically interesting. Deals with transport and accommodation issues. Elephants, gazelles, rhinos, giraffes, and people used stream-fed pools and lakes.There were three or four other moist periods in the Sahara. During a shortage of food or water, camels draw upon this fat for nutrition and moisture. Dromedary camels, native to the Arabian and Sahara deserts, can lose up to 30 percent of their body weight without harm. In the north the mean annual precipitation at Peshawar is 13 inches (330 mm), and at Rawalpindi it reaches 37 inches (950 mm). This area has been inhabited by agricultural civilizations for at least 5,000 years. Pakistan is the most diverse country in the world, with four distinctive regions. Answer: Bhabar Terai Bhangar Khadar Question 24. Seven statesWyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, and Californiarely on the river for some of their water supply.People often modify rivers to help distribute and store water in a desert. All rights reserved. The Peninsular plateau 4. At the foot of these formations, water drops its burden of gravel, sand, and other sediment, forming deposits called alluvial fans.Many deserts have no drainage to a river, lake, or ocean. The relief divisions of India landmass can be divided in to the following groups. The Indo - Gangetic plain 3. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The islands central plateau is now a barren desert.Rapid population growth also can lead to overuse of resources, killing plant life and depleting nutrients from the soil. They are used to grow different kinds of crops. Devil of a StormDust devils are common in hot deserts. The subtropical desert climate there results from persistent high pressure and subsidence at that latitude. They include:-. An abaya is a sleeveless cloak that protects the wearer from dust and heat. But in cities, structures like buildings, roads, and parking lots hold on to daytime heat long after the sun sets. Agricultural production is devastated, and the economy of a region suffers. In the 1930s, parts of the Great Plains of North America became the Dust Bowl through a combination of drought and poor farming practices. Such a surface is called a desert flat or llano. A kaffiyeh is a rectangular piece of cloth folded loosely around the head to protect the wearer from sun exposure, dust, and sand. The oil industry draws companies, migrant workers, engineers, geologists, and biologists to the Middle East.DesertificationDesertification is the process of productive cropland turning into non-productive, desert-like environments. When rain finally comes, the seeds sprout rapidly. They are mounds of sand that the wind moves, accumulates and shapes. Julivert, M. (2003). Thar Desert, also called Great Indian Desert, arid region of rolling sand hills on the Indian subcontinent. In the desert, all these stomata would quickly dry out a plant. Precipitation amounts fluctuate widely from year to year. The Muslim League and Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Political decline and bureaucratic ascendancy, The first administration of Benazir Bhutto, The second administration of Benazir Bhutto, The second administration of Nawaz Sharif, Continuing challenges: conflict, a stalled economy, and nuclear tests, Growing unrest, tension with the military, and Sharifs ouster, Relations with the United States, consolidation of Musharrafs rule, and meetings with India, U.S. drone strikes, floods of 2010, and religious tensions, Match the Country with Its Hemisphere Quiz. The high Himalayan ranges border Pakistan to the north. In other cases, the plains are covered with snow. The vegetation is equipped to survive the scarcity of rainfall and humidity. Between the moist periods came periods of dryness much like todays.The Sahara is not the only desert to have dramatic climate change. In all deserts, there is little water available for plants and other organisms.Deserts are found on every continent and cover about one-fifth of Earths land area. However, water is scarce. A severe quake in 1931 was followed by an even more destructive one in 1935. This area is subject to frequent seismic disturbances because the tectonic plate under the Indian plate collides with the plate under Eurasia as it continues to move northward and to push the Himalayas ever higher. 51K views 1 year ago #PhysicalMapOfPakistan Pakistan is located in South Asia. The water level in the aquifer has sunk as much as 30 meters (100 feet) since the 1950s, while the land above the aquifer has sunk as much as 10 centimeters (4 inches).Rivers sometimes provide water in a desert. (15 of 7 of 2017). The Baluchistan Plateau 4. Twinkl 2014 National Curriculum Resources Geography KS2 Geography Curriculum Human and Physical Geography Describe . Our country has all the features that one expects from a country. The air then cools and forms clouds that drop moisture on the windward (wind-facing) slopes. The Thar Desert covers some 77,000 square miles (200,000 square km) of territory. Lowest point: Sea level /Filter /FlateDecode Heavy rains . Hooves from grazing livestock compact the soil, preventing it from absorbing water and fertilizers. These oases are supported by some of the worlds largest supplies of underground water. Similar lush conditions existed as recently as 25,000 years ago. Tremors continue in the vicinity of Quetta; the most recent major earthquake occurred in October 2008. The ground heats the air so much that air rises in waves you can actually see. These developing countries use Lake Chads shallow waters for agriculture, industry, and hygiene. It has snow capped lime stone ridges (peaks). This lovely fact file will introduce the size and scale of deserts across the world and help children understand the importance of these often mysterious habitats. The plain is the western part of the Northern Plain in Pakistan formed by the Indus River and its tributaries. That distinction belongs to Death Valley, in California's Mojave Desert. Trees and other vegetation are being planted to break the force of the wind and to hold the soil. Potwar Plateau and Salt Range 5. The Himalayas stretch continuously for about 2500km from east to west. Along the coastal strip, the climate is modified by sea breezes. Q Describe the relief features of western mountains. Highest point: K2 (Mt. So, despite the presence of millions of liters of water, there is actually little available for plants and animals.The largest desert in the world is also the coldest. The Nile provides the most reliable, plentiful source of freshwater in the region. The dry, hot weather is broken occasionally by dust storms and thunderstorms that temporarily lower the temperature. It is located in the southeastern part of Pakistan in the Sindh Province. Unfortunately, at the time farmers were investing in slash-and-burn agriculture, Madagascar experienced long-term droughts. "We mobilised close to half-a-billion Namibia dollars in just about three years. Sikeram is the highest peak. Winds at speeds of about 100 kilometers per hour (60 miles per hour) sweep through some deserts. Areas facing reduced precipitation include areas with some of the largest deserts in the world: North Africa (Sahara), the American Southwest (Sonoran and Chihuahuan), the southern Andes (Patagonia), and western Australia (Great Victoria).In literature and in legend, deserts are often described as hostile places to avoid. It is located partly in Rajasthan state, northwestern India, and partly in Punjab and Sindh (Sind) provinces, eastern Pakistan. The grasses form the main natural resources of the desert. It is extensively farmed for wheat, rice sugarcane and Cotton. It has also spread into India. The largest glacier is Engil'chek Glacier, which is about 60 kilometers (37 miles) long. Human activities such as burning fossil fuels contribute to global warming.In deserts, temperatures are rising even faster than the global average. Hot and Cold DesertsThe largest hot desert in the world is the Sahara, which is 9 million square kilometers (3.5 million square miles). Question 25. It is believed that the Salt Range was founded by the horses of Alexander the Great's army.The average altitude of Potohar platue is 300m-600m. It has height up to of 4712 metres. The Hohokam used the canals to irrigate their crops. Rainwater, including water from flash floods, collects in large depressions called basins. The Cholistan Desert is locally known as Rohi and covers the area ofBahawalpur,Punjab. The largest desert is the Kharan Desert which occupies the most of Kharan District. Winters are cold, with minimum mean temperatures of about 40 F (4 C) in January. All in all, over 5000 persons have benefitted from the Build Bright Pakistan initiative. Topography and Drainage. They anchor the drifting sand with a gridlike network of straw fences. . Few organisms can withstand the freezing, dry climate of Antarctica.Changing DesertsThe regions that are deserts today were not always so dry. Between these ranges of the Himalayas is an area the people of Central and South Asia consider to be the roof of the world. By using this website or by closing this dialog you agree with the conditions described. Famous deserts of Pakistan, Pakistan is a country located in South Asia and occupies a total area of 827,913 square kilometres, making it the sixth-largest country in the world.It also has an estimated population of 207 million. These soils vary in texture, chemical composition, colour, and organic content from place to place. It has a total area of 175,000 square kilometers that covers the major areas of Pakistan and India. Both Islam and Hinduism are practiced, and the population is divided into complex economic and social groups. Engaged in the production of a variety of handcrafted items including the very famous Cholistani Khussas, the cottage industry in the Cholistan Desert serves as the economic engine of the region. Pakistan consists of 5 major deserts in the region. The Sindh . The Himalayas 2. Topographical relief features of desert Economical lifestyle of desert Economical lifestyle of people in indus plain Names of deserts Passes of western mountain 5 rivers names Balochistan rivers How urdu is a symbol for unity.

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